Various Forms of the Verbs: First, Second & Third Form, 500+ Verbs with Hindi meaning

Verb Forms

हिन्दी से अंग्रेजी में अनुवाद करते समय Tense तथा Verbs के विभिन्न रूपों का ज्ञान होना अति आवश्यक है। Verbs के निम्नलिखित तीन रूप होते हैं-

1. Present,
2. Past, तथा
3. Past Participle.

इन्हें सामान्यतया इस प्रकार कहते हैं-

1. First Form,
2. Second Form, तथा
3. Third Form

उपर्युक्त तीनों Forms के अतिरिक्त Verb की Present Participle Form अर्थात -ing Form भी होती है। Verb की First Form के अन्त में -ing जोड़ने से यह Form (रूप) बनती है; जैसे-

• do + ing = doing;
• write + ing = writing;
• read + ing = reading:
• learn + ing = learning;
• give + ing = giving;
• run + ing = running;
• put + ing = putting;
• die + ing = dying;
• dye + ing = dyeing आदि।

नोट-अंग्रेजी व्याकरण में Verb की First Form (Come, go, sit आदि) बहुवचन (Plural) मानी जाती हैं। इन्हें Singular (एकवचन) बनाने के लिए इनके साथ s या es जोड़ा जाता है। इस प्रकार एक verb के लगभग पाँच रूप हो जाते हैं।

What Is V1 V2 V3 V4 V5?

Verbs have five different forms, often labeled V1 through V5, which help to indicate tense and subject. They are:

• The base form (V1), the root of the verb (e.g., go, eat).
• The simple past form (V2), for actions completed in the past (e.g., went, ate).
• The past participle (V3), used with auxiliary verbs for perfect tenses and the passive voice (e.g., gone, eaten).
• The third-person singular present form (V4), used with he, she, or it (e.g., goes, eats).
• The present participle (V5), or “-ing” form, for continuous actions (e.g., going, eating).

व्यावहारिक उपयोगिता के आधार पर Verbs की उपर्युक्त पाँचों Forms नीचे दी जा रही हैं। इन्हें ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए-

Verb Forms List With Hindi Meaning

Verbs की सूची जिनके रूप में परिवर्तन होने से Past या Past Participle बनते हैं।

Present, Plural Verb, First Form	हिन्दी अर्थ (Hindi Meaning)	Present, Singular Verb	Past, Second Form	Past Participle, Third Form	Present Participle -ing Form
Arise	उठना	arises	arose	arisen	arising
Awake	जागना	awakes	awoke	awoken	awaking
Bear (सहन करना)	सहन करना	bears	bore	borne	bearing
Bear (जन्म देना)	जन्म देना	bears	bore	born	bearing
Beat	पीटना	beats	beat	beaten	beating
Become	बनना	becomes	became	become	becoming
Begin	आरम्भ करना	begins	began	begun	beginning
Bite	काटना	bites	bit	bitten	biting
Blow	हवा चलना	blows	blew	blown	blowing
Bind	बाँधना	binds	bound	bound	binding
Bid	आज्ञा देना	bids	bade	bidden	bidding
Bid	बोली लगाना	bids	bid	bid	bidding
Break	तोड़ना	breaks	broke	broken	breaking
Choose	चुनना	chooses	chose	chosen	choosing
Come	आना	comes	came	come	coming
Dig	खोदना	digs	dug	dug	digging
Do	करना	does	did	done	doing
Draw	खींचना	draws	drew	drawn	drawing
Drink	पीना	drinks	drank	drunk	drinking
Drive	हाँकना	drives	drove	driven	driving
Eat	खाना	eats	ate	eaten	eating
Fall	गिरना	falls	fell	fallen	falling
Fell	काटकर गिराना	fells	felled	felled	felling
Fight	लड़ना	fights	fought	fought	fighting
Find	पाना	finds	found	found	finding
Fly	उड़ना	flies	flew	flown	flying
Forbid	मना करना	forbids	forbade	forbidden	forbidding
Forget	भूलना	forgets	forgot	forgotten	forgetting
Freeze	जमाना	freezes	froze	frozen	freezing
Get	पाना	gets	got	got	getting
Go	जाना	goes	went	gone	going
Give	देना	gives	gave	given	giving
Grind	पीसना	grinds	ground	ground	grinding
Grow	उगना	grows	grew	grown	growing
Hang	लटकना	hangs	hung	hung	hanging
Hide	छिपाना	hides	hid	hid, hidden	hiding
Hold	पकड़ना	holds	held	held	holding
Know	जानना	knows	knew	known	knowing
Lie	पड़े रहना	lies	lay	lain	lying
Ride	सवार होना	rides	rode	ridden	riding
Ring	बजाना	rings	rang	rung	ringing
Rise	उठना	rises	rose	risen	rising
Run	दौड़ना	runs	ran	run	running
See	देखना	sees	saw	seen	seeing
Shake	हिलाना	shakes	shook	shaken	shaking
Shine	चमकना	shines	shone	shone	shining
Shoot	गोली मारना	shoots	shot	shot	shooting
Sing	गाना	sings	sang	sung	singing
Sink	डूबना	sinks	sank	sunk	sinking
Sit	बैठना	sits	sat	sat	sitting
Speak	बोलना	speaks	spoke	spoken	speaking
Spin	कातना	spins	span	spun	spinning
Spring	उछलना	springs	sprang	sprung	springing
Stand	खड़ा होना	stands	stood	stood	standing
Steal	चुराना	steals	stole	stolen	stealing
Stick	चिपकना	sticks	stuck	stuck	sticking
Strike	मारना	strikes	struck	struck	striking
Swear	शपथ लेना	swears	swore	sworn	swearing
Swim	तैरना	swims	swam	swum	swimming
Take	लेना	takes	took	taken	taking
Tear	फाड़ना	tears	tore	torn	tearing
Throw	फेंकना	throws	threw	thrown	throwing
Tread	कुचलना	treads	trode	trodden	treading
Wake	जागना	wakes	woke	woken	waking
Wear	पहनना	wears	wore	worn	wearing
Weave	बुनना	weaves	wove	woven	weaving
Win	जीतना	wins	won	won	winning
Write	लिखना	writes	wrote	written	writing
Wring	ऐंठना	wrings	wrung	wrung	wringing

नोट: इन क्रियाओं की Second Form तथा Third Form बनाने का कोई निश्चित नियम नहीं होता है

निम्न Verbs की सूची जिनके अंत में -d या -ed लगाने से Second Form या Third Form बनती है।

Present, Plural Verb, First Form	हिन्दी अर्थ (Hindi Meaning)	Singular Verb	Past, Second Form	Past Participle, Third Form	Present Participle -ing Form
Abuse	गाली देना	abuses	abused	abused	abusing
Act	कार्य करना	acts	acted	acted	acting
Accuse	दोष लगाना	accuses	accused	accused	accusing
Advise	सलाह देना	advises	advised	advised	advising
Allow	अनुमति देना	allows	allowed	allowed	allowing
Answer	उत्तर देना	answers	answered	answered	answering
Appear	प्रकट होना	appears	appeared	appeared	appearing
Appoint	नियुक्त करना	appoints	appointed	appointed	appointing
Arrest	गिरफ्तार करना	arrests	arrested	arrested	arresting
Arrive	पहुँचना	arrives	arrived	arrived	arriving
Ask	पूछना	asks	asked	asked	asking
Attack	आक्रमण करना	attacks	attacked	attacked	attacking
Bathe	स्नान करना	bathes	bathed	bathed	bathing
Beg	भीख माँगना	begs	begged	begged	begging
Believe	विश्वास करना	believes	believed	believed	believing
Benefit	लाभ पहुँचाना	benefits	benefited	benefited	benefiting
Boast	डींग मारना	boasts	boasted	boasted	boasting
Borrow	उधार लेना	borrows	borrowed	borrowed	borrowing
Boil	उबालना	boils	boiled	boiled	boiling
Call	बुलाना, पुकारना	calls	called	called	calling
Care	ध्यान रखना	cares	cared	cared	caring
Carry	ले जाना	carries	carried	carried	carrying
Catch	पकड़ना	catches	caught	caught	catching
Change	बदलना	changes	changed	changed	changing
Clear	साफ करना	clears	cleared	cleared	clearing
Climb	चढ़ना	climbs	climbed	climbed	climbing
Close	बन्द करना	closes	closed	closed	closing
Clothe	कपड़े पहनाना	clothes	clothed	clothed	clothing
Collect	इकट्ठा करना	collects	collected	collected	collecting
Complete	पूरा करना	completes	completed	completed	completing
Compare	तुलना करना	compares	compared	compared	comparing
Conceal	छिपाना	conceals	concealed	concealed	concealing
Consult	परामर्श करना	consults	consulted	consulted	consulting
Cook	पकाना	cooks	cooked	cooked	cooking
Copy	नकल करना	copies	copied	copied	copying
Count	गिनना	counts	counted	counted	counting
Cross	पार करना	crosses	crossed	crossed	crossing
Cry	चिल्लाना	cries	cried	cried	crying
Dare	साहस करना	dares	dared	dared	daring
Defeat	हराना	defeats	defeated	defeated	defeating
Defend	बचाव करना	defends	defended	defended	defending
Deal	व्यवहार करना	deals	dealt	dealt	dealing
Deny	अस्वीकार करना	denies	denied	denied	denying
Die	मरना	dies	died	died	dying
Divide	बाँटना	divides	divided	divided	dividing
Decorate	सजाना	decorates	decorated	decorated	decorating
Dream	सपना देखना	dreams	dreamed	dreamed	dreaming
Drown	डूबना	drowns	drowned	drowned	drowning
Dry	सूखना, सुखाना	dries	dried	dried	drying
Dye	रंगना	dyes	dyed	dyed	dyeing
Earn	कमाना	earns	earned	earned	earning
Enter	प्रवेश करना	enters	entered	entered	entering
Fail	असफल होना	fails	failed	failed	failing
Fear	डरना, करना	fears	feared	feared	fearing
Feel	अनुभव करना	feels	felt	felt	feeling
Fell	गिराना	fells	felled	felled	felling
Fine	जुर्माना करना	fines	fined	fined	fining
Finish	समाप्त करना	finishes	finished	finished	finishing
Flee	भागना	flees	fled	fled	fleeing
Float	तैरना	floats	floated	floated	floating
Found	स्थापित करना	founds	founded	founded	founding
Gain	प्राप्त करना	gains	gained	gained	gaining
Grant	अनुग्रह करना	grants	granted	granted	granting
Graze	चरना	grazes	grazed	grazed	grazing
Hang	लटकना	hangs	hanged	hanged	hanging
Hate	घृणा करना	hates	hated	hated	hating
Hear	सुनना	hears	heard	heard	hearing
Help	सहायता करना	helps	helped	helped	helping
Hire	किराए पर लेना	hires	hired	hired	hiring
Hunt	शिकार करना	hunts	hunted	hunted	hunting
Invite	आमंत्रित करना	invites	invited	invited	inviting
Jump	कूदना	jumps	jumped	jumped	jumping
Join	मिलना	joins	joined	joined	joining
Keep	रखना	keeps	kept	kept	keeping
Kick	लात मारना	kicks	kicked	kicked	kicking
Kill	मार डालना	kills	killed	killed	killing
Lift	उठाना	lifts	lifted	lifted	lifting
Like	पसंद करना	likes	liked	liked	liking
Live	रहना	lives	lived	lived	living
Look	देखना	looks	looked	looked	looking
Love	प्रेम करना	loves	loved	loved	loving
Melt	पिघलना	melts	melted	melted	melting
Miss	चूकना	misses	missed	missed	missing
Move	चलना	moves	moved	moved	moving
Name	नाम रखना	names	named	named	naming
Need	आवश्यकता होना	needs	needed	needed	needing
Obey	आज्ञा मानना	obeys	obeyed	obeyed	obeying
Obtain	प्राप्त करना	obtains	obtained	obtained	obtaining
Open	खोलना	opens	opened	opened	opening
Oppose	विरोध करना	opposes	opposed	opposed	opposing
Order	आज्ञा देना	orders	ordered	ordered	ordering
Pack	बाँधना	packs	packed	packed	packing
Pardon	क्षमा करना	pardons	pardoned	pardoned	pardoning
Pass	पास होना	passes	passed	passed	passing
Permit	अनुमति देना	permits	permitted	permitted	permitting
Place	रखना	places	placed	placed	placing
Plant	लगाना	plants	planted	planted	planting
Play	खेलना	plays	played	played	playing
Plough	हल चलाना	ploughs	ploughed	ploughed	ploughing
Plunder	लूटना	plunders	plundered	plundered	plundering
Pluck	तोड़ना	plucks	plucked	plucked	plucking
Pray	प्रार्थना करना	prays	prayed	prayed	praying
Praise	प्रशंसा करना	praises	praised	praised	praising
Preach	उपदेश देना	preaches	preached	preached	preaching
Prefer	पसंद करना	prefers	preferred	preferred	preferring
Prevent	रोकना	prevents	prevented	prevented	preventing
Prepare	तैयार करना	prepares	prepared	prepared	preparing
Promise	वचन देना	promises	promised	promised	promising
Promote	उन्नति देना	promotes	promoted	promoted	promoting
Prove	सिद्ध करना	proves	proved	proved	proving
Publish	प्रकाशित करना	publishes	published	published	publishing
Pull	खींचना	pulls	pulled	pulled	pulling
Punish	दंड देना	punishes	punished	punished	punishing
Pursue	पीछा करना	pursues	pursued	pursued	pursuing
Push	धक्का देना	pushes	pushed	pushed	pushing
Rain	बारिश होना	rains	rained	rained	raining
Reach	पहुँचना	reaches	reached	reached	reaching
Receive	ग्रहण करना	receives	received	received	receiving
Refuse	मना करना	refuses	refused	refused	refusing
Reign	राज्य करना	reigns	reigned	reigned	reigning
Repair	मरम्मत करना	repairs	repaired	repaired	repairing
Reply	उत्तर देना	replies	replied	replied	replying
Resign	त्यागपत्र देना	resigns	resigned	resigned	resigning
Rest	आराम करना	rests	rested	rested	resting
Return	लौटना, लौटाना	returns	returned	returned	returning
Rob	लूटना	robs	robbed	robbed	robbing
Rub	रगड़ना	rubs	rubbed	rubbed	rubbing
Save	बचाना	saves	saved	saved	saving
Say	कहना	says	said	said	saying
Search	तलाश करना	searches	searched	searched	searching
Select	चुनना	selects	selected	selected	selecting
Serve	सेवा करना	serves	served	served	serving
Sew	सीना	sews	sewed	sewed	sewing
Slip	फिसलना	slips	slipped	slipped	slipping
Smile	मुस्कराना	smiles	smiled	smiled	smiling
Sow	बोना	sows	sowed	sown	sowing
Solve	हल करना	solves	solved	solved	solving
Start	चलाना	starts	started	started	starting
Starve	भूखा मरना	starves	starved	starved	starving
Stay	रुकना, ठहरना	stays	stayed	stayed	staying
Stop	रोकना	stops	stopped	stopped	stopping
Study	अध्ययन करना	studies	studied	studied	studying
Succeed	सफल होना	succeeds	succeeded	succeeded	succeeding
Suffer	सहन करना	suffers	suffered	suffered	suffering
Salute	सलाम करना	salutes	saluted	saluted	saluting
Seem	दिखाई पड़ना	seems	seemed	seemed	seeming
Talk	बात करना	talks	talked	talked	talking
Tease	सताना	teases	teased	teased	teasing
Thank	धन्यवाद देना	thanks	thanked	thanked	thanking
Tie	बाँधना	ties	tied	tied	tying
Tire	थकाना	tires	tired	tired	tiring
Touch	छूना	touches	touched	touched	touching
Trouble	कष्ट देना	troubles	troubled	troubled	troubling
Travel	यात्रा करना	travels	travelled	travelled	travelling
Treat	व्यवहार करना	treats	treated	treated	treating
Trust	विश्वास करना	trusts	trusted	trusted	trusting
Try	प्रयत्न करना	tries	tried	tried	trying
Wait	प्रतीक्षा करना	waits	waited	waited	waiting
Want	चाहना	wants	wanted	wanted	wanting
Wash	धोना	washes	washed	washed	washing
Watch	देखना, चौकसी करना	watches	watched	watched	watching
Wave	हिलाना	waves	waved	waved	waving
Whistle	सीटी बजाना	whistles	whistled	whistled	whistling
Wake	जागना, जगाना	wakes	waked	waked	waking
Walk	टहलना	walks	walked	walked	walking
Wave	हिलाना	waves	waved	waved	waving
Wish	चाहना	wishes	wished	wished	wishing
Work	कार्य करना	works	worked	worked	working
Wound	घायल करना	wounds	wounded	wounded	wounding
Yield	झुकना	yields	yielded	yielded	yielding

ऐसी क्रियाएं (Verbs) जिनके रूप तीनों दशाओं में एक समान रहते हैं-

Present, Plural Verb, First Form	हिन्दी अर्थ (Hindi Meaning)	Singular Verb	Past, Second Form	Past Participle, Third Form	Present Participle -ing Form
Bet	शर्त लगाना	bets	bet	bet	betting
Burst	फटना	bursts	burst	burst	bursting
Cast	फेंकना	casts	cast	cast	casting
Cost	मूल्य आंकना	costs	cost	cost	costing
Cut	काटना	cuts	cut	cut	cutting
Hurt	चोट पहुँचाना	hurts	hurt	hurt	hurting
Hit	मारना	hits	hit	hit	hitting
Knit	बुनना	knits	knit	knit	knitting
Let	छोड़ना	lets	let	let	letting
Put	रखना	puts	put	put	putting
Read	पढ़ना	reads	read	read	reading
Rid	पीड़ा छुड़ाना	rids	rid	rid	ridding
Set	छिपना	sets	set	set	setting
Spread	फैलाना	spreads	spread	spread	spreading
Shut	बन्द करना	shuts	shut	shut	shutting
Wed	शादी करना	weds	wed	wed	wedding

ऐसी क्रियाएं (Verbs) जिनके अंत में -t लगाने से या अन्य प्रकार से Second Form या Third Form बनती है।

Present, Plural Verb, First Form	हिन्दी अर्थ (Hindi Meaning)	Singular Verb	Past, Second Form	Past Participle, Third Form	Present Participle -ing Form
Bend	झुकना	bends	bent	bent	bending
Bring	लाना	brings	brought	brought	bringing
Build	बनाना	builds	built	built	building
Burn	जलाना	burns	burnt	burnt	burning
Buy	खरीदना	buys	bought	bought	buying
Catch	पकड़ना	catches	caught	caught	catching
Deal	व्यवहार करना	deals	dealt	dealt	dealing
Dream	स्वप्न देखना	dreams	dreamt	dreamt	dreaming
Feel	अनुभव करना	feels	felt	felt	feeling
Keep	रखना	keeps	kept	kept	keeping
Lend	उधार देना	lends	lent	lent	lending
Leave	छोड़ना	leaves	left	left	leaving
Lose	खोना	loses	lost	lost	losing
Meet	मिलना	meets	met	met	meeting
Mean	अर्थ होना	means	meant	meant	meaning
Send	भेजना	sends	sent	sent	sending
Sleep	सोना	sleeps	slept	slept	sleeping
Smell	सूंघना	smells	smelt	smelt	smelling
Spend	खर्च करना	spends	spent	spent	spending
Teach	पढ़ाना	teaches	taught	taught	teaching
Think	सोचना	thinks	thought	thought	thinking
Weep	रोना	weeps	wept	wept	weeping
Lead	मार्ग दिखाना	leads	led	led	leading
Lay	रखना, फैलाना	lays	laid	laid	laying
Make	बनाना	makes	made	made	making
Pay	चुकाना	pays	paid	paid	paying
Say	कहना	says	said	said	saying
Stand	खड़ा होना	stands	stood	stood	standing
Tell	कहना	tells	told	told	telling

ऐसी क्रियाएं (Verbs) जिनका प्रयोग केवल दो ही Forms में होता है-

Present	Past
Can	Could
May	Might
Shall	Should
Will	Would

Must और Ought to का प्रयोग केवल Present Form में ही होता है, Past में प्रयोग करने पर Have+V₃ जुड़ जाता है। जैसे-

• You must go there. (तुम्हें जाना चाहिए।)
  You must have go there. (तुम्हें जाना चाहिए थी।)
• You ought to obey your teacher. (तुम्हें अपने मास्टर साहब की आज्ञा मनानी चाहिए।)
  You ought to obey your teacher. (तुम्हें अपने मास्टर साहब की आज्ञा मनानी चाहिए थी।)

TENSE

Tense (काल) तीन प्रकार के होते हैं-

1. Present Tense,
2. Past Tense, तथा
3. Future Tense.

प्रत्येक Tense को चार भागों में विभाजित किया गया है-

1. Indefinite,
2. Continuous,
3. Perfect,
4. Perfect Continuous.

इस प्रकार Tense निम्नवत 12 प्रकार के होते हैं-

1. Present Indefinite.
2. Present Continuous.
3. Present Perfect.
4. Present Perfect Continuous.
5. Past Indefinite.
6. Past Continuous,
7. Past Perfect.
8. Past Perfect Continuous
9. Future Indefinite.
10. Future Continuous.
11. Future Perfect.
12. Future Perfect Continuous.

HOW TO TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH?

शुद्ध अंग्रेजी लिखने के लिए निम्न बातों पर ध्यान दीजिए-

1. वाक्य में व्याकरण सम्बन्धी त्रुटियाँ न हों।
2. प्रयुक्त शब्दों की Spellings ठीक हों।

व्याकरण सम्बन्धी त्रुटियाँ प्रायः Tenses, Use of Preposition तथा Sequence of Tenses के अपूर्ण ज्ञान के कारण होती है।

WORD ORDER

अंग्रेजी भाषा तथा हिन्दी भाषा में वाक्य रचना एक समान नहीं होती है। हिन्दी भाषा के वाक्य में कर्ता, कर्म/पूरक, क्रिया-विशेषण तथा क्रिया का क्रम होता है जबकि अंग्रेजी भाषा में सामान्यतया Subject, Verb, Object/Complement तथा Adverbials क्रमानुसार आते हैं; जैसे-

Hindi (हिन्दी वाक्य)	English (English Sentence)
1. राम अपने भाई के साथ बाजार जाता है।	Rama goes to the market with his brother.
2. हम आज क्रिकेट नहीं खेलेंगे।	We shall not play cricket today.
3. तुम्हें अपने माता-पिता की आज्ञा माननी चाहिए।	You should obey your parents.
4. मैं हर सुबह जल्दी उठता हूँ।	I get up early every morning.
5. सीता बहुत सुंदर गाती है।	Sita sings very beautifully.
6. वे कल दिल्ली गए थे।	They went to Delhi yesterday.
7. क्या तुमने अपना काम पूरा कर लिया है?	Have you finished your work?
8. वह रोज़ स्कूल पैदल जाता है।	He goes to school on foot every day.
9. हम अगले रविवार को पिकनिक पर जाएंगे।	We will go on a picnic next Sunday.
10. बच्चे पार्क में खेल रहे हैं।	The children are playing in the park

अतः हिन्दी से अंग्रेजी बनाते समय विद्यार्थी को अंग्रेजी भाषा के Word order (वाक्य-रचना) का ध्यान रखना चाहिए।

उदाहरण- मान लिया कि आपको निम्न वाक्य की अंग्रेजी बनानी है-

• राम अपने भाई के साथ अपने गांव पैदल जाता है।

सर्वप्रथम वाक्य की क्रिया ज्ञात कीजिए-

• जाना-go

इसके पश्चात वाक्य का कर्ता ज्ञात कीजिए-

• प्रश्न-कौन जाता है?
• उत्तर-राम (Ram).

चूँकि वाक्य की क्रिया अकर्मक है अतः ‘क्या” लगाकर कर्म/पूरक ज्ञात नहीं करेंगे।

अब क्रिया में ‘कहाँ’ (Where) लगाइये।

• प्रश्न-राम कहाँ जाता है?
• उत्तर-अपने गांव को (to his village).

पुनः प्रश्न किया-

• प्रश्न– किसके साथ ?
• उत्तर– अपने भाई के साथ (with his brother).

इन सबको एक साथ लिखने पर पूर्ण वाक्य (Complete Sentence) इस प्रकार बनेगा –

• Rama goes to his village with his brother.

विद्यार्थियों को उनके हित में यह परामर्श दिया जाता है कि परीक्षा में बड़े वाक्यों का अनुवाद इसी प्रकार टुकड़े करके करने का प्रयत्न करें अन्यथा उनसे भूल हो जाने की सम्भावना हो सकती है।