Regular and Irregular Verbs: Learn Regular and Irregular English Verbs

To use many verb tenses in English, we must know the past forms of verbs. Every verb has a base form or infinitive, such as look, make, and play. Most verbs are called Regular verbs. They form their past simple and past participle by adding –ed. Some verbs do not follow this rule. These are called Irregular verbs. Regular and irregular verbs are learned step by step, which makes them easy to understand and remember.

Overview of English Verb Forms

Every English verb can have five forms:

1. Base form (Plural form)
2. Singular form
3. –ing form
4. Past simple form
5. Past participle form

Use of Base Form:

• They live in Rome. (Present simple tense)
• I want to learn English. (Infinitive (to + verb))

Use Singular Verbs:

1. The boy plays cricket.
2. She reads a book.

Use of –ing Form: 

• He is working. (Continuous tenses)
• Swimming is good for you. (Gerund)

Use of Past Simple:

• She visited Delhi last year.
• He woke up, brushed his teeth, and went to school.

Use of Past Participle:

• I have finished. (Perfect tenses)
• It was made in Japan. (Passive voice)
• The chair is broken. (Adjectives)

To use English tenses correctly, we must learn regular and irregular verbs and their forms.

Regular & Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs add –ed to form the past tense, while irregular verbs do not follow this rule. (Regular verbs में –ed लगता है, जबकि irregular verbs में नहीं।)

1. Regular Verbs

Regular verbs are verbs that form their past tense and past participle by adding –ed to the base form. (Regular verbs वे क्रियाएँ हैं जिनका भूतकाल –ed जोड़कर बनाया जाता है।)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
play	played	played	play (खेलना)
work	worked	worked	work (काम करना)
clean	cleaned	cleaned	clean (साफ़ करना)
watch	watched	watched	watch (देखना)
help	helped	helped	help (मदद करना)

Sentences

• She played cricket. (उसने क्रिकेट खेला।)
• He worked hard. (उसने मेहनत की।)

If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change y to i and add –ed. (यदि क्रिया व्यंजन + y पर समाप्त होती है, तो y को i में बदलकर –ed जोड़ते हैं।)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
cry	cried	cried	cry (रोना)
try	tried	tried	try (कोशिश करना)
carry	carried	carried	carry (ले जाना)
study	studied	studied	study (पढ़ाई करना)
copy	copied	copied	copy (नकल करना)
hurry	hurried	hurried	hurry (जल्दी करना)
marry	married	married	marry (शादी करना)
worry	worried	worried	worry (चिंता करना)
reply	replied	replied	reply (उत्तर देना)
apply	applied	applied	apply (आवेदन करना)

If a verb ends in –e, we simply add –d. (यदि क्रिया –e पर समाप्त होती है, तो केवल –d जोड़ते हैं।)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
live	lived	lived	live (रहना)
like	liked	liked	like (पसंद करना)
love	loved	loved	love (प्रेम करना)
move	moved	moved	move (हिलना / चलना)
close	closed	closed	close (बंद करना)
dance	danced	danced	dance (नृत्य करना)
hope	hoped	hoped	hope (आशा करना)

2. Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs are verbs that do not form their past tense by adding –ed and follow no fixed rule. (Irregular verbs वे क्रियाएँ हैं जिनका भूतकाल –ed से नहीं बनता।)

• There are about 200 irregular verbs in English.
• These verbs do not follow any fixed rule to form their past tense. (ये क्रियाएँ भूतकाल बनाने के किसी निश्चित नियम का पालन नहीं करतीं।)

Irregular verbs are divided into four types based on the similarity or difference in their forms:

1. Verbs which have the same base form, past simple and past participle (जिन क्रियाओं का मूल रूप, भूतकाल और past participle तीनों एक जैसे होते हैं।)
2. Verbs which have the same past simple and past participle (जिन क्रियाओं का भूतकाल और past participle समान होता है।)
3. Verbs which have the same base form and past participle (जिन क्रियाओं का मूल रूप और past participle समान होता है।)
4. Verbs which have a different base form, past simple and past participle (जिन क्रियाओं का मूल रूप, भूतकाल और past participle तीनों अलग-अलग होते हैं।)

1. Same Base Form, Past & Past Participle (मूल रूप, भूतकाल और past participle तीनों समान)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
cut	cut	cut	cut (काटना)
put	put	put	put (रखना)
hit	hit	hit	hit (मारना)
shut	shut	shut	shut (बंद करना)
let	let	let	let (अनुमति देना)
set	set	set	set (स्थापित करना)
hurt	hurt	hurt	hurt (चोट पहुँचाना)

2. Same Past & Past Participle (भूतकाल और past participle समान)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
bring	brought	brought	bring (लाना)
buy	bought	bought	buy (खरीदना)
teach	taught	taught	teach (पढ़ाना)
catch	caught	caught	catch (पकड़ना)
think	thought	thought	think (सोचना)
fight	fought	fought	fight (लड़ना)
seek	sought	sought	seek (खोजना)

3. Same Base Form & Past Participle (मूल रूप और past participle समान)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
come	came	come	come (आना)
become	became	become	become (बनना)
run	ran	run	run (दौड़ना)
overcome	overcame	overcome	overcome (काबू पाना)

नोट: इस प्रकार में verbs कम होते हैं, इसलिए इन्हें याद रखना आसान है।

4. Different Base, Past & Past Participle (तीनों रूप अलग-अलग)

Base Form	Past	Past Participle	Meaning
go	went	gone	go (जाना)
eat	ate	eaten	eat (खाना)
write	wrote	written	write (लिखना)
see	saw	seen	see (देखना)
take	took	taken	take (लेना)
give	gave	given	give (देना)
speak	spoke	spoken	speak (बोलना)

Sentences

• She went home. (वह घर गई।)
• He has written a letter. (उसने एक पत्र लिखा है।)

Difference Between Regular and Irregular Verbs

Regular Verbs	Irregular Verbs
Follow a fixed rule to form past tense. (भूतकाल बनाने का निश्चित नियम होता है।)	Do not follow a fixed rule. (कोई निश्चित नियम नहीं होता।)
Past tense is formed by adding –ed. (–ed जोड़कर भूतकाल बनता है।)	Past tense is not formed by adding –ed. (–ed से नहीं बनता।)
Easy to learn and remember. (सीखना और याद करना आसान है।)	Must be memorized. (याद करने पड़ते हैं।)
Same past and past participle form. (Past और past participle समान होते हैं।)	Past and past participle may be different. (Past और past participle अलग हो सकते हैं।)
Example: play → played (खेलना → खेला)	Example: go → went (जाना → गया)
Mostly regular in use. (अधिकतर नियमित होते हैं।)	Limited but commonly used. (संख्या कम पर प्रयोग अधिक।)

List of the Verbs: First, Second & Third Form